Third, Terrorism Damaged The Concept Of The Land Of...

Third, terrorism damaged the concept of the land of opportunity. The terrorism factor has changed the American approach to immigration as much as the immigrants approach to America. For the Americans, immigration has become a threat to the United States rather than an opportunity and an advantage. Normally, differing moral values and differences in cultural, socio-racial, economic, and political ideology each contribute to the differences between Americans aver immigration . But the 911 syndrome transformed opinions in a different direction. For instance, According to the Department of Homeland Security’s Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, there were roughly 200,000 annual deportations a year between 1999 and 2001. While that number†¦show more content†¦This war cost the American economy billions of dollars, and the military expenditures rise dramatically to cover the wars waged by the US in the name of ‘war on terror’. This ongoing war started less than month after 911 attacks on US when the US troops invaded Afghanistan to retaliate the Taliban government for harboring al-Qaeda and to dismantle that organization to prevent her from executing more attacks on American soil. Although the American troops withdraw officially from Afghanistan in 2014, yet American forces still fighting in a military involvement that turned into the longest running war in the history of the United States. Two years later, although not directly linked to the terrorist attacks, the United States invaded Iraq in March 2003, and disposed of President Saddam Hussein, suspected of producing weapons of mass destruction. The immense failure of that campaign led to chaos and civil war that cost millions of victims and refugees . And to make matters worse, the American forces withdrawal in 2011 left the nation in a far more volatile situation with the birth of the most brutal terroristShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of Terrorism Essay9824 Words   |  40 PagesAn An alysis of Terrorism On September 11, 2001, every person was stunned with the earth shaking news that the World Trade Center (WTC), the highest building in the world was attacked by terrorist. This was done by hi-jacking two commercial airplanes which plowed the two famous sites. More than 5,000 American was feared dead. This was the most recent and most devastating terrorist act that brought terrorism into the timelight. Terrorism is a term of uncertain legal content. The term itselfRead MoreTechnology Replacing Man3081 Words   |  12 Pagesconsequences for the 2.4 million people who still rely on the land for their survival†. Convege.org states that â€Å"A new generation of sophisticated computer-driven robots may soon replace many of the remaining tasks on the land, potentially transforming the modern farm into an automated outdoor factory†. To some, this concept sounds like an outrageous assumption that could only be reality in the cartoon show The Jetsons. However, this concept is ever growing and has been implemented in Isreal. InsteadRead MoreInternal Threats to Pakistan10157 Words   |  41 Pagesand starvation, deprive them of equitable access to education and economical well being and prosperity remains a distant dream. 3. Presently, Pakistan is passing through a critical phase of its history. The internal fabric of the society is badly damaged and the nation seems to be divided on almost every issue. On one hand the economical disparities are inculcating a deep sense of deprivation amongst a major segment of the society and on the other the judiciary is yet not ready to demonstrate theRead MoreBy Outlining the Current Global Political Economy, Discuss to What Extent the Current Global Political Economy Undermines National Development in the South.4509 Words   |  19 Pages its implications and effects on the national development in the South. The South, in this case, is being defined as the third world . Many scholars, opinion leaders and political analysts etc. have expressed divergent and dissenting views regarding the effects of globalization on individuals, nations and the world at large. While globalization is a highly contested concept, it is widely viewed to involve a process of rapid intensification of economic, political, and cultural interconnectednessRead MoreAnalysis Of George W. Bush s Presidency2900 Words   |  12 Pagesinevitably plummeted to the ground after a series of fires that caused complete destruction to the buildings. Along with the destruction of the towers, ten other buildings in the surrounding area where either destroyed or partially damaged due to falling debris. A third passenger airliner (American Airlines flight 77) was flown into the Pentagon later that morning. The fourth passenger airliner (American Airlines flight 93) that was targeting Washington DC crashed into a field just outside of ShanksvilleRead MoreCrisis Management- a Strategic Leader ship Approach3992 Words   |  16 Pagesleadership approach Introduction The past decade has been wrought with crises on both a domestic and international scale. It has been marked by a glut of organizational crises including natural disasters, technology disruption, and acts of terrorism, scandals, and financial mismanagement. Yet, many leaders are ill-prepared for the important role they may need to play in leading an organization through a crisis. At the beginning of the decade people all over the world scrambled to tackle theRead MoreEmergency Management Essay18946 Words   |  76 Pagesbeen affected by natural disasters and losses are becoming progressively greater. The significant feature driving these observations, however, is the extent of human encroachment into hazard prone areas. With increasing population density and changing land use patterns, more people are exposed to natural hazards and consequently our accumulated human and economic losses are increasing. Much of this exposure is a matter of choice. Sometimes people choose hazardous places, building houses on picturesqueRead MoreSupply Chain Analysis of Mattel7209 Words   |  29 Pageschain design and related costs with that of its major competitor Hasbro and the toy industry. What follows, is a brief background of Mattel’s tradit ional (non-electronic game) sector, its key competitors and Mattel’s use of supply chain management concepts in addressing the competitive landscape to gain a competitive advantage. The global toy and game market grew by 7.2% in 2007 with a value of $106.1 billion and by 2012, is forecasted to have a value of $126.2 billion, an increase of 18.9% over 2007Read MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagessaved at all costs c. Are we doing enough to save the environment? d. Main reasons for environmental problems nowadays 5. Religion a. Religion divides more than it unites b. Religion and politics c. Science and religion 6. Terrorism a. Can terrorism ever be eradicated? 7. Sports a. True purpose of sports nowadays b. Sports and Media 8. Foreign Aid a. How effective is Foreign Aid? 9. Migration a. Is migration/having foreigners good? 10. Subjects a. Literature bRead MoreEnvironment Studies8323 Words   |  34 PagesCHAPTER NO: 01 1. Define the importance of Environmental Studies. Answer: Environment is derived from the French word Environ which means to encircle or surround. ENVIRONMENT is sum total of water, air, and land, inter-relationships among themselves and also with the human beings, other living organisms and property. The above definition given in Environment Act, 1986 clearly indicates that environment includes all the physical and biological surroundings and their interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL

The Harlem Renaissance Brought A Great Amount Of Value

The Harlem Renaissance brought a great amount of value to the African American group. The visual art, the jazz music, fashion and literature changed. During this time writer Langston Hughes shined out with amazing works. The harlem reneisance made It was a time for expressing the African American culture. It has many names other than Harlem Renaissance, such as, the Black Literary Renaissance, or the New Negro Movement. Many famous people began their writing or gained their recognition during this time. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920’s and 1930’s. â€Å"This movement known collectively as the Harlem Renaissance developed at the end of World War I in 1918, which thrived in the mid- to late 1920s, and faded in the mid-1930s.†¦show more content†¦Hughes full name is James Langston Hughes. He was born in 1902 and passed away in the year of 1967. He grew up with his mother and father separated. Hughes was known through his lifetime for his poetry . When he arrived to Harlem, Hughes was often referred to as â€Å"Harlem’s poet.† [3] Hughes poetry was a reflection of the African-American culture and Harlem. When the great depression took place, Hughes expressed his love for the city as it was falling before his eyes. When once Harlem was a place for enjoyment and entertainment and a place full of love and happiness, now became a dangerous and one of the most feared place in New York. Hughes described what happened to Harlem after the depression, â€Å"The depression brought everyone down a peg or two. And the Negro had but a few pegs to fall.† [4] Langston Hughes is probably the most influential and remembered poet of the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes writes about how the African-American people have been all over the world. In â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers† he talks about them bathing in the Euphrates, building huts by the Congo, and singing of the Mississippi. I think that this poem is showing how these people are everywhere. In America we act as if they are lesser, but he is saying to the white people, look at all my race has accomplished. For example, â€Å"We† built the pyramids, and we have been around as long as these rivers. This poem is meant to be positive. ItShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance Was A Movement Of The Popularity1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a movement of the popularity of black culture and art during the 1920’s. During the Renaissance, Harlem was a cultural center, luring in black writers, artists, musicians, photographers, poets and scholars. This was th e first time that black cultural had really been able to shine in America. It was also the first time that blacks were accepted for their talents and abilities. There were even whites who began adapting some black cultural movements, at this time this wasRead MoreClaude Mckay s Influence On American Culture1266 Words   |  6 Pages Literature is a big part of all cultures. People acquire a vast amount of information from what is being read. The way they are written and the people who wrote them can change the manner in which values are being seen. Every culture and race is unique it includes language, art, rituals, beliefs plus a great deal more. With all the different race and cultures in the country, it has shaped the American perception and identity. When a person of a certain ethnic background, gender, sexual preferenceRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1920 S1706 Words   |  7 Pagesthe roaring twenties, was a period of dramatic and social change. More Americans during this era lived in the city rather than on a farm. The nation’s wealth doubled throughout the roaring twenties, and lead the Stock Market Crash of 1929 where the Great Depression followed after this time period. This time period was known as a noisy period categorized by fast changing lifestyles, final extravagances, and the technological progress. This era made a big impact on the fashion world, especially women’sRead MoreGarvey s Theory Of Economic And Political Reformation1023 Words   |  5 Pagesoverthrow and become a dominant power. He believed that the communists were still white men who would still seek to take advantage of African Americans. Consequently, while Cyril Briggs supported the black laborer and black artists during the Harlem Renaissance, Garvey’s plan was to send all of the Blacks back to Africa. He developed the Black Star Line as an easy means for Blacks to make their voyage back to the native homeland. Unlike Briggs who believed that Blac ks could get involved in the communityRead MoreThe World s Best Hope1951 Words   |  8 Pagesoverwhelming amount if witnesses alleging that they were elsewhere at the time of the crime. The judge was openly prejudiced to the men and another individual admitted to the crime. In 1927 they were both executed. This largely shows American political intolerance, which then developed to racial intolerance and the reformation of extremist national groups such as the Klu Klux Klan. America steadily became very nationalistic and racist after the isolationism. The reincarnation of the KKK brought very newRead MoreWhat Identity `` Meaning `` By Langston Hughes2638 Words   |  11 Pagesidentity in the Americans started on the wrong no â€Å"Over a period of more than three centuries, in the slave ships of the Middle Passage and the plantations of the American South, peoples from many nations of what is now called West and Central Africa, brought together under conditions of extreme brutality, reinvented themselves as one people and they renamed themselves ‘African’, ‘Coloured People’ and ‘Negro’. Later, from end of the nineteenth century to the first few decades of the twentieth century,Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Langston Hughes 2630 Words   |  11 Pagesidentity in the Americans started on the wrong no â€Å"Over a period of more than three centuries, in the slave ships of the Middle Passage and the plantations of t he American South, peoples from many nations of what is now called West and Central Africa, brought together under conditions of extreme brutality, reinvented themselves as one people and they renamed themselves ‘African’, ‘Coloured People’ and ‘Negro’. Later, from end of the nineteenth century to the first few decades of the twentieth century,Read MoreAmerica s Rising Tide Of Consumerism1877 Words   |  8 PagesAmerica’s rising tide of consumerism. For the first time by 1929, America’s advertisement budget exceeded one billion dollars and the average person, including women and children, received $173 more annually than 10 years before (Shannon 216). Stock values went crazy, and, helped along by the end of the Progressive Era, corporate profits boomed. This kind of rapid and positive growth built the foundation for all that was to happen in the decade. People had an excess of money and an excess of time, creatingRead More Biogr aphy of Marcus Mosiah Garvey Essay examples3604 Words   |  15 PagesBiography of Marcus Mosiah Garvey Marcus Mosiah Garvey was the man who in the historical record brought unification and strength to Black people throughout the world. He traveled to many countries to see the poor working and living conditions of the black people. He started the United Negro Improvement Association and spoke out about the unjust behavior towards his people. He inspired and gave hope through speaking, teaching and writing. He used poetry to understand his own life and relay itRead MorePainting: Nighthawks, by Edward Hopper2150 Words   |  9 PagesRealism presented a new breakthrough; introducing modernism and what it means to be in the present. The subject of art in America also changed by the beginning of the 20th century. Images of urban life replaced rural landscapes and nature, as a greater amount of the American population moved to cities (â€Å"Edward Hopper†). The Ashcan school of realism, which included artists like Edward Hopper and his mentor Robert Henri, had its roots in New York City. They drew their inspiration from the bright lights and

Marbury vs Madison Free Essays

Marbury vs Madison †¢What Occurred in the case? oJudicial review is the power of the courts to annul the acts of the executive and/or the legislative power where it finds them incompatible with a higher norm. Judicial review is an example of the functioning of separation of powers in a modern governmental system (where the judiciary is one of several branches of government). This means that the Judicial Branch of the government can check and/or balance the Executive Branch and/or the Legislative Branch if the problem violates the Constitution. We will write a custom essay sample on Marbury vs Madison or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is one of the checks and balances set up in the Constitution. This way no one branch has all the power. Marbury v. Madison, 5 U. S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803) is a landmark case in United States law. It formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. This case resulted from a petition to the Supreme Court by William Marbury, who had been appointed as Justice of the Peace in the District of Columbia by President John Adams shortly before leaving office, but whose commission was not delivered as required by John Marshall, Adams’ Secretary of State. When Thomas Jefferson assumed office, he ordered the new Secretary of State, James Madison, to withhold Marbury’s and several other men’s commissions. Being unable to assume the appointed offices without the commission documents, Marbury and three others petitioned the Court to force Madison to deliver the commission to Marbury. The Supreme Court denied Marbury’s petition, holding that the statute upon which he based his claim was unconstitutional. oOn his last day in office, President John Adams named forty-two justices of the peace and sixteen new circuit court justices for the District of Columbia under the Organic Act. The Organic Act was an attempt by the Federalists to take control of the federal judiciary before Thomas Jefferson took office. oThe commissions were signed by President Adams and sealed by acting Secretary of State John Marshall (who later became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and author of this opinion), but they were not delivered before the expiration of Adams’s term as president. Thomas Jefferson refused to honor the commissions, claiming that they were invalid because they had not been delivered by the end of Adams’s term. William Marbury (P) was an intended recipient of an appointment as justice of the peace. Marbury applied directly to the Supreme Court of the United States for a writ of mandamus to compel Jefferson’s Secretary of State, James Madison (D), to deliver the commissions. The Judiciary Act of 1789 had granted the Supreme Court original jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus â€Å"†¦to any courts appointed, or persons holding office, under the authority of the United States. † oIn November 1800, President John Adams, a Federalist, lost his bid for reelection to Thomas Jefferson, a Republican. The Federalists also lost control of Congress in the election. For the few months before the new President and Congress took office, however, Adams and his Federalist Party still had control. oDuring these months, Adams persuaded Congress to pass a new law, the Judiciary Act of 1801. This act gave Adams the power to appoint several new federal judges. The Federalists hoped to fill the nation’s courts with people who would be opposed to the policies of the incoming Republican administration. oAdams was generally successful in this effort, appointing some 39 new judges. Adams’s Secretary of State was to deliver the commissions, or official documents authorizing the appointments. The Secretary of State, though, failed to deliver the commissions to three new justices of the peace before Adams’s term of office ended. One of the commissions was to go to William Marbury. oWhen Thomas Jefferson became President in March 1801, he learned of Adams’s attempt to pack the court with Federalist judges. He also discovered the failure to deliver the remaining commissions. To prevent these Federalists from becoming justices of the peace, Jefferson instructed his Secretary of State, James Madison, to refuse the appointments. oMarbury went to the Supreme Court in an attempt to gain his post. He wanted the Court to issue an order forcing Madison to give Marbury his commission. The Judiciary Act of 1789 had given the Supreme Court the power to issue such an order. o †¢How it impacted Congressional power and the enactment of law in our country oThis historic court case established the concept of Judicial Review or the ability of the Judiciary Branch to declare a law unconstitutional. This case brought the Judicial Branch of the government on a more even power basis with the Legislative and Executive Branches. The Founding Fathers expected the branches of government to act as checks and balances on each other. The historic court case Marbury v. Madison accomplished this end thereby setting the precedent for numerous historic decisions in the future oWhile Marbury never became a justice of the peace, the Court’s ruling in Marbury v. Madison established a very important precedent. A precedent is a legal decision that serves as an example in later court cases. Chief Justice Marshall’s ruling interpreted the Constitution to mean that the Supreme Court had the power of judicial review. That is, the Court had the right to review acts of Congress and, by extension, actions of the President. If the Court found that a law was unconstitutional, it could overrule the law. Marshall argued that the Constitution is the â€Å"supreme law of the land† and that the Supreme Court has the final say over the meaning of the Constitution. Judicial review enabled the Court to check power of the Legislative and Executive branches by preventing them from imposing legislation that violated citizens’ constitutional rights. Prior to Marbury, the Supreme Court had failed to challenge Congress, and thus was the weakest branch of the The decision in this Supreme Court Case established the right of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the oth er two branches of government o oTwo recent cases in American history where the foundations of this case had an impact on the establishment of law in our society. oBrown vs Board of Edu oRoe vs Wade How to cite Marbury vs Madison, Papers

The Corporate Responsibility Is a Unique Attribute in Business

Question: Discuss the Corporate Responsibility Is A Unique Attribute in Business? Answer: Introducation Corporate responsibility is a unique attribute in business which bears several benefits to the business as well as the residents residing in the immediate environment. Corporate responsibility relates to the behavior of encouraging a positive change through a firms activity towards the employees, consumers, and the environment where a business is situated. Companies carry out their activities in distinct environments that support the existence and sustainability nature of business. In this respect, they ought to give back to the societies as a token of appreciation and sustainability. The paper discusses issues in corporate social responsibility and uses the example of Coca-Cola as a firm that carries out its CSR activities properly. The government, through its policies, mandates companies to remain socially responsible to the communities in their business environments. Despite the requirement, it is ethically and morally okay for firms to appreciate and be part of a change to the society that supports its business both materially and financially (Snider, Hill Martin, 2003). In this case, firms ought to back to the society through contributions, participation and sponsoring social events, and assisting in times of calamities. In this respect, the communities identify themselves with an organization and become strategic partners to its growth and brand recognition. Mialon, Swinburn, Allender Sacks, 2016) define the concept of corporate social responsibility as an obligation placed on enterprises to act in a way that serves the interests of business, the stakeholders, and the society through representation. Indeed, the definition is true based on the fact that CSR activities do promote a business image and recognition in the society, increases the financial capability to the stakeholders, and identifies with the society by taking part in activities that uplift a society (Kleine, 2014). In this respect, CSR remains a critical concept towards organization growth and penetration into the competitive business world as well as meeting the goals to sustainability. Coca-Cola is a multinational company that practices corporate social responsibility in countries where it operates. Coca-Cola Australia is a business that has a significant impact on the societies around the nation through the activities it engages in promoting its sustainability (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). The firm contributes immensely to the economic and social development of the locals where its business exists. The firm promotes its activities by participating in charitable organizations and programs that empower the social being of individuals. Besides, it administers business grants to the communities which empower the economic element of the society. Moreover, the firm sponsors local, national as well as international sports events away from promoting workplace giving (Moon, 2014). In this respect, the firm qualifies for sustainability due to its activities. The business participates in social events such as sports in the community and at the national level through sponsoring events. Coca-Cola sponsors sporting events through the Coca-Cola games which go a long way identifying the firm with the people as well as promoting its brand name. Sports gather a large population thus playing a significant role in developing business as well making the society come together through sporting activities (Eteokleous, Leonidou Katsikeas, 2016). The firm funds the games and brands the grounds which lead to a significant market share for the business and the societys willingness to work with the firm. Sponsoring such games make the community has an impression of inclusivity which promotes the social being of individuals. Consequently, the move translates into benefits for the locals through sports, the stakeholders through increased earning, and the business through significant brand recognition and market share. Besides, the firm supports education through the bicycle program that assists students in the remote areas to cover the large distances to school. The support enables students to reduce the distance covered to school thus impacting education. The firm doubles its efforts by sponsoring students and partnering in constructing schools in vast areas that lack proper infrastructures. In this case, the wider society has access to the contribution and benefits from the move in a way or the other. Touching a child impacts the society and increases awareness as parents, the government, and other donors feel the presence of the company thus creating a positive perception of the firm (Korschun, Bhattacharya Swain, 2014). The firm takes responsibility for the effects of its business in the society. The firm produces beverages of different kinds which are stored in cans and plastic bottles that present an environmental challenge to the society. In addressing the concern, the business remains ethically responsible by partnering with the communities in recycling efforts on the cans and bottles. Recycling solves some of the pollution issues that affect the environment thus serve as an element of change in the society (Christensen, Mackey Whetten, 2014). Besides, the firm has revolutionized its resources and embraced the environmentally friendly packaging by encouraging the use of renewable materials. On the other hand, the firm promotes healthy living to its Australian market by engaging in several advocacy programs towards healthy and happy life. In this respect, the firm cuts down on the calorie level in its products and produces zero-sugar products to serve the diverse market needs. Notably, the firm donated millions of shillings to nutrition and physical activity programs in several countries within the region towards well-being (Servaes Tamayo, 2013). The business in Australia engaged in a healthy program that saw it partner several foundations to donate bicycles to high school students from disadvantaged backgrounds to get them in motion. The same bicycles encourage exercises thus promote its healthy living initiative among the individuals. Coca-Cola supports societies through funding to overcome natural calamities in diverse locations. The firm sets aside funds for such occurrences and partner with other organizations in creating a difference in the society. Water is a real concern in the lives of human beings, and the company does a lot to ensure the presence of water in the diverse locations of operation (Saeidi, Sofian, Saeidi, Saeidi Saaeidi, 2015). In this respect, the firm builds and promotes the conservation of water catchment areas through encouraging the planting of trees and proper disposal of waste to avoid polluting the important resource. As a result, the firm benefits the society grows its name and uses the community initiative to spread its business to the residents. The firm in its production ventures uses a considerable amount of water. In remaining responsible to the environment that produces and supplies the same, the firm is mandated contribute significantly to water concerns. The firm responds to the responsibility by implementing means to cut on water wastage and creation of water sources. Coca-cola supports community initiatives in preserving water and replenishing it through conservation and recycling (Cheng, Ioannou Serafeim, 2014). The firm has done tremendous efforts in Australia through funding Project Catalyst in a bid to improve and restore water from the effects of pollution to levels that can be used safely by the people. Water is an important resource in the society that has to be delivered and assured to populations. The business identifies with the social issues affecting individuals and trends in societies. In promoting equality and identifying itself with women empowerment, Coca-Cola introduced a women entrepreneurship program dubbed 5by20 initiative. The program funds and equips thousands of women of women with funds and resources to unlock their economic potentials through the target of 5 million women worldwide program by the year 2020 (Flammer,2015). The program uplifts the state of women in the society and increases the fight towards growth and recognition of women in business. The activity identifies with the society and makes the business part of them thus guaranteeing the sustainability of the enterprise. As a result, the feminist movement supports the initiative and by large grow the brand name of the firm. Stakeholders in the firm such as the employees benefit through reward and recognition programs where its workers receive assistance and scholarships to empower themselves as well as their generation. The improved revenue stream allows individuals to be employed in the business and improve their economic standards. Besides, the firm has a proper policy on recruitment that focuses on selecting qualified personnel from the environment of operation as well as setting aside some unskilled jobs for the immediate community. As a result, the firm gives back to the society by benefiting the dwellers thereby creating a positive perception of the business. Empowering the society through education transforms the overall image of organizations and uplifts their status (Flammer, 2015). Corporate social responsibility is a sure way of ensuring sustainability for the business, the society, and the stakeholders. Corporate responsibility gives back to the society in appreciating its efforts towards the production that yields revenues for firms. Coca-Cola remains a reputable and competitive company due to the initiatives it places for its people. The practice of recognizing the environmental concerns as well as the social issues in communities and addressing concerns yields in benefits and profits to the business. Companies ought to practice social responsibility to the latter as a mark of ethical recognition to the societies where their business operates. The move is an important marketing tool that leads to brand recognition, acquisition of significant market share, and creates opportunities for business expansion. There is a need for other firms to emulate the practice carried out by Coca-Cola towards establishing a proper relationship with the society and increasing their revenue streams. References Cheng, B., Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and access to finance.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), 1-23. Christensen, L. J., Mackey, A., Whetten, D. (2014). Taking responsibility for corporate social responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding socially responsible firm behaviors.The Academy of Management Perspectives,28(2), 164-178. Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014).Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Eteokleous, P. P., Leonidou, L. C., Katsikeas, C. S. (2016). Corporate social responsibility in international marketing: review, assessment, and future research.International Marketing Review,33(4), 580-624. Flammer, C. (2015). Does product market competition foster corporate social responsibility? Evidence from trade liberalization.Strategic Management Journal,36(10), 1469-1485. Kleine, D. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and development.The Companion to Development Studies,7(1), 195. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C. B., Swain, S. D. (2014). Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), 20-37. Mialon, M., Swinburn, B., Allender, S., Sacks, G. (2016). Systematic examination of publicly-available information reveals the diverse and extensive corporate political activity of the food industry in Australia.BMC public health,16(1), 283. Moon, J. (2014).Corporate social responsibility: A very short introduction. OUP Oxford. Saeidi, S. P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S. P., Saaeidi, S. A. (2015). How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), 341-350. Servaes, H., Tamayo, A. (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness.Management Science,59(5), 1045-1061. Snider, J., Hill, R. P., Martin, D. (2003). Corporate social responsibility in the 21st century: A view from the world's most successful firms.Journal of Business ethics,48(2), 175-18